Improvement in sewing-machines



y Sheet 1.

E. A. FORBUSH.

Sewing Machine. 4

Patented Feb. 20.1855.

5 Sheefs Sheet 3.

E. A. AFoeeusH.

Sewing Machine.

Patented Feb. 20. 1855.

MWh" nam n N Leu O Q u e a e N, PETERS Phhm-Lnhagmmr. wanhingmn. n.6,

Sheet 4.

5 Sheets EIA. FQRBUSH. Sewing Machine.

Patented Feb.. 20,.1855l N. percus Pmm-Lm-empnen washington. o. c.

Sewing Machine. l l I No. 12,402. Patened Feb. y 20, 1855.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDXILTl A. FQRBUSH, OF ASHLAND, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Spceilica't'on forming part`of Letters Patent No. 12.402. dated February20, 1557 Atication'and the accompanying drawings, letters, iigures, andreferencesthereof.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a top 'view of ,myl improvedsewing-machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of it. Fig.'3is an endelevation of it. Fig. 4 is -a central, vertical, and transverse sectionof it. Fig. 5 is vertical and longitudinal sectionof it. 'i Such otherfigures as may be necessary to a full .description and delineation ofthe said invention will be hereinafter more particularly referred Themain framework-for supportingthe operative parts of the machine isexhibited in the'drawings atvA, it being formed as therein shown,A or inanyothery proper` manner. It sustains two sets, B B and C C, ofhorizontal and parallel rails arranged' with respect to one another, asseen in the drawings. It also sustains the main working and drivingshafts D,

D", and E. Said main driving-shaft E, vplaced as seen in the drawings,has a bevel-pinion, F, iixcdupon it and made to engage with a bevelgear,G,`iixed upon an upright shaft, E", on the upper end of which is anotherbevel gear or pinion, Ft, that works into or engages with twobevel-gears, G"- Ht, fixed, respectively, upon the main working-shafts Dand D", by the above rotary motion as communicated from the.'driving-shaft to the main working-shafts D D* when thefornier is put inrevolution.

On the two be vel-gears Gr'L H* crank-pins H H are 'iiXed, to whichcrank-pins connectingrods I are-respectively jointed, theseconnecting-rods being also respectively jointed to two vibrating levers,K K, whose office is to operate,l two sliding carriages, L L, .that are.supported upon and move between the parallel ways C C, these twocarriages being made, during the operations of the machine, toalternately move Vtoward and away from onel another. v l

M M arctwo jaws, between which the leather or articles to be sewedtogether are placed and held. These jaws are supported by means of aframe, N, one ofthe jaws being hinged to it by hinges, as seen at O, insuch manner as to be capable of being moved toward and away from theother jaw. The said carriage N is supported and moves upon the rails orways B B. The machinery for moving the carriage N willbe hereinaiterdescribed.

To each of the carriages L there is affixedA an awl, l. '(See Figs. 2and 6, the latter nre being a horizontal section of one of the carriagesL, takelrthrough the awl.) The two' awls are arranged so that when theypass through the leather or article to be stitched they shall be at adistance apart from one an-` other the length of a stitch. In theformation of each stitch-hole through the article to be ,sewed'the twoawls are employed, one of them beingk first passed vthrough it in onedirection, the other being next forced through it in the oppositedirection. Thus the holeis rendered smoother and more open for thereception ot' the threads or needles than it would be were it made butby one awl. Two needles, Q Q, are used in sewing with this machine, theybeing of the ordinary kind of sewing-needle, the eye of which isplacedat one end, while the point is arranged at'the other end of it, asseen in Fig. 7, which represents a side view of such needle. The threadsproceeding from the work or article to be sewed, respectively, to andthrough the eyes of the'needles are seen at R ln being drawn through the.work these threads are pulled through it by the action of two sets ofjaws or pinehers, S S, which, after the needles have passed through thework. and drawn the threads through it a short distance, seize suchthreads between their respective needles and the work and draw thethreads through and into the work. riages L L supports what may betermed a needle-carriage, T, which movesv horizoiL. tally betweenparallel rails or ways U U, elevated upon said carriage L.

On the inner end of each carriage T there-is a'small rotary pin orbea-rer, V, which is made to rotate horizontally. A top view of the headof thisv bearer is represented in Fig. '8. The object of the said beareris to support the needle whichlies upon the top of it, and is -heldydown upon it by. means of one of twovvertical sliding clamps, a I),(see Fin'. 9,)vwhieh Each of the carmetal or frame, e, upoirits upperend.

- block e.

e I n.40@

is a cross-section of the twoA clamps and machinery over and aroundthem, '.Eaeh set of these two clamps, if'plaeed within one of twovertical shafts, c c, which are supported by and made to move or rotatefreely in a horizontal direction within a horizontal arm, d, thatprojects from the carriage T.

I would here take occasion to remark that Y as the mechanism which issupported upon one ofthe c arriages L, and is for opera-ting ltheneedles and the thread-pinchers, is essentially like that which issupported on the other carriage L, it willbe only necessary for me todescribe such machinery as applied to one of the said carriages. j

The vertical shaft c carries a small block of A eamslide, f,slide'shorizontally through said A' top view oft-his slide is given in Fig. 10,a bottom view of it in Fig 11, and side views of it in Figs. 12 and 13.It is formed with cams or inclined planes g l1., which actu- .ate'theclamps a b.A Vhile the slide is moved in either direction through theframe e, one of its inclined planes forces downward one of thelclamps,while the other inclined plane is so moved as to release vtheother clamp or allow it freely to rise upward..

i There is iiXed on the shaft c a pinion-gear,

i, which isy made on one side 'of the-machine to directly engage with ahorizontal gear, 7c, that rotates freely lon a stationary journal, Z,raised upon the arm d. Ou the other sidevof the machine the engagementis effectedby an inter- "mediate gear, g5'.

Fixed on' the top surface` of the horizontal gear 7.7 is a wheel, an,whichfisvformed with teeth, as seen at n n Jn, &c..rin Fig. 14, whichrepresents a top view of thesaid wheel m and the gear-wheel. There isalso va toothed gearwheel or sector, p, placed and made to rotate freelyup'on the j ournal 7. This sector-is formed as represented in Figs. 1and 15, the latter of which is an under side view of it, and exhibits asmall spring catch or pawl, q, as applied toV the said under side` andmade to work against the periphery and teeth of the wheel m. This 4toothed sector p is operated or moved horizontally by a sliding toothedrack, r, that is arranged as seen in Figs. 1 and 5, and suplported upona projection, s, of the carriage T. This rack is made tomove 011 the topof said projection s, and is held to said projection by means of ascrew, t, which is screwed into the projection and passes through alongslot, u, made through the rack, as seen inl the drawings. There is asmallstud, c, that projects down from the under side of the rack, nearone end of it. Vhen the carriage L is moved forward toward thework, thisstud passes into a canrgroove or passage,

10, which-'is formed on the top of a frame, m,

that is applied to and-fixed on top of one of the rails C in a positionas seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. Vhile passing through such groove the rackr is forced inward, so as to tu rn the sector p. This will-carry thesmall click or `pawl ofY said sector against one ofthe teeth ofI thewheel m, andwill thereby 'cause such wheel to be rotated, so as toproduce a rotation of the gearlr. This of vcourse will `efihct a rotajtion of the pinion which'engages with the wheel k, whereby the shaft onwhich Asaid pinA ion is situated 'willbe rotated .one 4hundred and,

eighty Vdegrees of a circle, so "as to turn 'the needle around andpresentA its point in an .opyposite 'direction. During the retreat of'the carriage L. or its departure from the work,

the studof the rack r passes back through the inclined cam passage "onthe fra-'me fr, and thereby produces.amovement of the rack r in anopposite direction, a'whereby'the click or pawl of the toothed' sector pwill be made to slide over the circumference of the wheel m, and farenough to act against -one of the twol teeth, or the tooth nextsucceeding that tooth of it aga-inst which the pawl'before acted.'-

Directly underneath the pinion-gear, on'the shaft c, there-isiixedton`said shaft a catch-Q gear, y, tlic form`""of -which is represented', inFig. 16,- said catch-gear being provided with two depressions ornotches, as represented in said figure, one on each side of it.` Alocking-pawl, z,'is applied to the arm d, whichv lockingK-pawl has avprojection or screw, c', eX-' tendedfrom it, which projection, justbefore the needle is passed .into'the awlhole, is .carfA 4ried intocontact with a projecting partvor foam, b,` of the frame AThis canipresses 'theV Aloclring-pawl z into oneof the notches of. ,the

catch-gear i, so "as to lhold the needle-shaft or'- needle firmly i'n'position for the needlev to enterl the work. During the advance' of the*can' riages L L toward o ne another the needles are turned aroundfandpresentedl with their points toward the work, and made to pass throughone of the laWl-holes previously made.l This done, the carriages T Tarestopped from further movements toward one another, said stopping of thembeing effected by projections 'c' c from them being brought into contactwith projections d d from-'theibars or rails C, as

seen in the drawings. After the movements of l the carriages TTV-towardone anotherhthus cease,;the carriagesL L continue to advance toward oneanother until the awls pass through the work; Vhile d'oingth'is cams, ee, fixed to each ofthe said carriages L, as seen in the drawings, aremoved, respectively, @against the en ds ofthe' two cam-slides f, andmove said slides so as 'to cause the needles to be relieved fromlthcpressurev of the two clamps which previously held them, and to begrasped orseized at' their points by theother two clamps, so that duringthe next retreating or back movement ofthe carriagesT T said needleswill be drawn in opposite directions through the cloth or work'. Afterthey have each been drawn a short distance through the work, the jaws ofeachset of thread nippers or pinchers S S are moved together and made-to grasp or seizethe threadand hold uponA it firmly, so as to draw-itinto the work during ythe back movement of their carriage T,

v12,402 L s It should be mentioned that the need-les,y

before they are seized and 4drawn through the work, are propelledforward, respectively, by two propellers, a5 a5, one of which is fixedto each carriage L, or to the top of o ne of the rails thereof, whichsupport-s itsca'rriage T. The form of this propeller is shown'in Fig'.6, wherein its front end is seen as extending in rear of the needle andbearing against a'vertical plate, e5, raised on the carriage T.

It should be also mentioned that the came is formed with inclinesb c5and au intermediate straight surface, d5, so that just previousfto theforward propulsion of the needle the needle maybe relieved from thepressure of the clamp which held it, and after it has been driventhrough the work, the other clamp may Abe brought down upon. the pointof the other needle, which has been forced under it. Thus it will beseen that just previous tothe forward movement of the needle produced bythe propellers when said propellers are moved forward by theirrespective carriages L L, both needles will be unclamped from all theclamps, and will remain so unclamped while they are propelled into andthrough the work; also, that after-they have passed through the workthey will be seized by the proper clamps and drawn through the work whenthe carriages L and T are next moved backward. 0n the top of the bearerV there is asmavll partition or plate, f5, which rises up a shortdistance between the clamps c b. Itserves to prevent the needles fromlmoving yfrom one clamp to and under the other clamp.

Fig. 17 represents an underside view of the vcarriage T and themachineryl for operating the pinchers. The said pinchers consist of twolevers, S S, formed as represented in the drawings, and made t-o work,respectively, on two fulcra or screw-pins, f inserted'in the under sideof the carriage T. These levers are connected with a small slide, g', bylmeans of -two co1n1ecting-rods 7i. i', and so that when .said carriageis moved in a direction toward the work or article to be sewed thepinchers will beso operated as to cause their jaws to be forced towardone another.v This slide g is attached to and slides in the under sideof the carriage T. Itis thrown forward by means cfa cam, k', that turnsupon ascrew-pin, l', invsertedin the under side ofthe carriage T. It isdrawn backward by a connect1ng-rod,'m,

which connects the cam with the slide, and is jointed to both. From thecam an arm, a', extends outward, as 'seen in the drawings. This armworks in connection'with a. springlever, o', which is formed andarranged as seen in the drawings, and turns on a i'ulcru1n','p, insertedin the rail C. lhe said lever is more particularly sho1wiiin Fig. 18,which rep-.

resents a top view of it and that p art of the rail on which it rests. Aspring, q', is so ap-l plied to the rail O and the lever as to forcesaid lever against a small stud or pin', r', which is made to projectupward from the rail C. The lever has not only a projection or stud, s',

.ner .end ofthe st op-screw.

rising from its inner end, but -it has a stopsorew, h5, inserted-throughits outer end, which stop-screw, when the lever is turned on its fulcrum far enough, brings up against a stationary shoulder, t. Now, whilethe carriage T moves` forward the armor" the cam e will be carri-ed intocontact with theproj eetions, so as to cause said cam to be turned onits' pin -in suehmanner as to draw-back the slide f, and thereby openthejaws of the pineher's, soto allow of the needles passing intoandthrough thework. When the' jaws have beenA entirelyopened, the outervend ofthe said arm will passb'y the proj eetion of the lever,so as toallow saidl projection to spring inward toward the carriage Tuntilthearm of thelever to which 'it is attached strikes against the smallpin or stud rf. Dur-ing the next retreating' or back movement of thecar.- riage -T the end ofzth'e saidy armisbrought .against the frontside of the stud of the lever,

whereby the arm will be moved and its cani so; turned as to cause the jaws ofthe pinehers to apf'- proaeh one another and close upon thethread. Another, or what may be termed the partioular,77 object of thestopscrew p5 is to r`egulate the pressure or grasp of thepinehers upontheA thread, which grasp may be increased or diminished by a suitableadj ustlnent of the in- Th'e upper endsof the arms K K, when actingagainsttheVoaI- Y.riages L L, respectively extend into notches orrecesses S2, made in` each carriage, as seenfin Fig. 1.' J ust previousto the extent'of-` forward motion of. t-he two carriages being produced,a locking spring-bolt, t, appliedto 'ea'c'l'r cafriage L, is met by acam,;u', and driven forward over "the notch of the carriage and in rearI of its vibrating bar `or arm di. This takes place, however, justbefore a p in 'or stud, fo', 't that projects upward from thespring-bolt, meets and passes by the end of aledge'orpro j eetion, w,that is made longitudinally on the under side ot' the carriage T.; Thisledge and the said stud or -proj'ection'are shown in Figs. 17 and 19,the latter of which represents a cross-section taken through thecarriages. Tv

and L and throughY the bolt and its prejeetion. Vhenthecarriage Tceasesits forward motion,

the carriage L continues to move.i"orward,'the

stud or pin of the sp1ing-bolt in the meantime bei'ng. slid along thesideof the'said ledge, projecting. downi'rom the under side of the car'-riage T. During the next back motion oi'eaoh rod K' it'bears against thespring-bolt and forcesthe carriage L, and 'of course the carriage f T,which rests thereon, backward on the rails rC C. fVhile this is takingplace, the pi-n'chers4 close upon their thread" and draw itthrough thework, the carriage T heilig held to the earriage L withfrictionsuftcient to enable the pinehers to draw the thread through andinto its hole in the work.: For this purpose a clampscrew and nut. areso applied to the supporting frame or rails ol'. the carriage T as toen`able a person tocompress them with more or less force upon the carriageT, sopas to iinake it slide in ils supportswith the degree of fricfofthe ledge. iv.

l tion required for the draft ofthe thread through and into the work. Assoon as the thread is drawn tightly into the work, the backward movementof the carriage T will be arrested spring-bolt will be released, so thatit can he thrown backward by its spring a2 vand away from the rear ofthe' arm l, or from over the recess oi' the carriage L, iu which thearmis.

As'son as ,the spring-bolt has so acted, theV rearward motion of thecarriage L ceases, and this because the spring-bolt' is moved away'fromthe arm Ii.- The arm'K, however, continues' to move' back to theextent of its inotion, and, having completed the same, is again broughtforward to impart a forward motion to the carriage L, as beforedescribed.

From the aboveit will be seen how the machinery is made to operate underthe constantly-decreasing length of each thread as it is sewed Ainto thework or cloth, for as soon as the thread is drawn into the work,whatever may be the length of .said thread between the pinchers and thework, Vthe backward motion ofthe carriage T will be stopped or arrestedvas soon as such length vis drawn tight by the pinchers. Onthe'occurrence of this the car-y riage L continues its motion a littlefarther,

or far enough to release the studofthe spring-` bolt from 'the edge w,,so as. to free the said bolt fronithe pressure ofthe arm K. It willtherefore be seen that the'combining. with the nippers and the vibratinglarm K the earriages L and T, the spring-bolt apparatus, and the cam andeontrivances for operating the spring-bolt, as before set forth,`constitutes oneA particular part of my invention, the object 'of thesame being not only to Vdraw the thread into the work with sufficienttension, but: to do so under any change in the length of it.

W'e now come to the description ofthe mechanism for taking up the slackof the thread, and thereby preventing the entanglement of the threadwhile the carriages L and T are being moved forward toward the work. Forthis purpose I shall describe such machinery as applied to one ofthegthreads only, that 'oir the other side of the 1nacl1ine,`or asapplied to other thread, being substantially like it, as will be seen byrepresentation of it inl the drawings.

Two spring-nippers, bZ c2, formed as seen in Fig. 20, (said 20 being aside view of these nippers, their slide, and the inclined bar in whichsaid slide moves,) are affixed to the up-` per end of a slide, di, whichis made to4 slide freely up and down -on a long inclined plane or bar,c, arranged. as seen in the drawings.

ATheV said nippers are provided with springs f2 g2, by which their upperends are forced toward one another, the nippers being made to turnfreely on a screw-pin, li, which connects them with their slide-bar, )nthe lower end of the said slide-bar isa small pulley, mi, which rotatesfreely on a pin, i2, inserted'in the'slidebar. One. end of a, cord,7f,,is fastened to a projection, Z2, of theframe-work, said projectionbeing arranged as seen in the drawings.

vFrom. the said projection the cord extends downward under the pulleym2, thence upward Aaroundand.over a guide-pulley, n, arranged as seen inFigs. 1 and 21, the latter gure bein g a representation of thevlast-named pulley, a long rod, o2, and sundry-parts connected therewithor adj aeent thereto, and to be hereinafterA described. The pulleyv a?is applied on the end of auarn1,p, that projects from the mainframe-work and supports two guides, q q2, for the cord to pass throughprevious to and after its passage. around the pulley ai. The other endof the said cord is attached to the upper end of the vibrating arm K. Asthe vibrating arm moves back, it will draw. on the thread, so as toelevate the spring-nippers and cause them to pass up and receive thethread between them, when said threadis drawn out to its extremetcnsion.The pressure ofthe nippers against thethread under such circumstanceseauses them to open and receive the thread in the open space rt betweenthem. This being done, at the next advance forward of' the a-rln. K. orthe carriages T and L, the nippers and their slide will fall by theaction of `gravity and carry the thread with them, so as tojprevent itfrom being entangled.- Vhen lthe thread is drawn through the work, itwill be pulled Aout ofthe nippers bythe power which draws it through thework.

In order to prevent the weight ofthe pin chers and theirislide frombeing thrown upon the thread, so as t'o break the needle ordisplace itwhile the needle -is being turned about one hundred and Veighty degrees,as hereinbefore set forth, I make use'of'or employ a mechanism whiehIshall now proceed to describe. ThereV is a small sliding carriage, s?,placed be# low the nipper carriage or slide, and made to slidefreely upand down on the inclined bar e?. This carriage has a pulley, t2, affixedto it, under-,which a' cord, a?, passes. One end of this cord is fixedto the projection Z2. The cord, alter passing down and around the puhley i?, is carried toward and through the eye of a guide,v2,and thencehorizontally, or thereabout, to and through another guide, tug, arrangedas seen in the drawings. Thence the cord i's carried up and fastened toas mall ear` riage,..f1, that slides upon the long stationary horizontalrod o2, which 'is disposed as seen. in theV drawings.

' From one side ofthe carriage m2 a spring, v/l, isinad'e to extend' andto press against the rod o2, so as to make the carriage slide on the rodthe front end of the spring-catch and moves said 'spi-ingcatch, so as toenable the arm to slip by it. When the arm next advances in a directiontoward the work, it strikes against a shoulder, b3, of the spring catchandv bears against said shoulder, so as to move the carriage x2 lforwardor toward the carriage L until the projection z2 strikes against thecarriage L, whatever may be the position of said carriage L, or whatevermay be its distance from the work. Immediately ou said projectionstriking the carriage the further advance of the arm la will cause thespring-catch to be disengaged from such arm. Bythe movement of thecarriage x in the manner before described, such a draft on thecordattached to it is` produced as will elevate the carriage or slide siup to a suitable position for the upper-'slide to rest upon it, so as torelieve the thread from any downward pressure of the upper slide.

Ve next come to a description of the machinery by which the carriage Nis moved on its supporting-rails B B with an intermittent movement.during the operation of' making the stitches, and in order that the awlsmay puncture the work in a propel' manner for the forv mation ot' thestitches. y For this purpose it is provided with a rack, c, which hasthe same number ot' teeth to theinch in length as there are stitches tobe sewed to an inch of length' oi' the work. Into this rack animpellingpawl, el, operates, the said impelling-pawl being jointed tothe top or upper end of the upper arm of a'lever, c, that moves upon afnlcrum, f, all arranged as seen in thedrawings. The vibratory motion ofthis lever on its fulA crum is produced by a cam', g, (fixed upon thenecting the upper arm of the lever with the rail B. The extent ofbackward movement of the impelling-pawl is regulated by a stop, i,affixed to the side of the rail B, said stop Abeing made adjust-able.During the revolution ofthe bevel-gear H* the cam g" will be movedagainst the lower armof the lever to which the impellingpawl is jointed,and will so move said lever and impelling-pawl as to produce a movementofthe carriage N on the rails -B B. Now, as such movement may not alwaysbe exactly in accordance with the distance required to enable theneedles to pass into the awl-hole thatA is to receive them, I haveapplied to the machine a mechanism which regulates such movement of thecarriage N in such manner as to insure to the awl-hole its correctposition for the reception ofthe two needles. In Fig. 22'I haverepresented a side view of the rail B, the apparatus which'propels thecarriage N, together with the appa ratus for insuring the correctposition of the awl-hole, as above specified. There is affixed to therail B a'standard, la, which 'has jointed toits upper end a pawl,-Z",that extends directly over the rack of the carriage N. The inner end ofsaid pawl has a tooth, m3, affixed to it, .which tooth .isnnade toexactly fit the space between any two teeth ofthe rack that are nextvadjacentto one another'. A power ful spring, a, is affixed to the topofthe standard. k3, and made to press downward on the pawl-Zs'with aforce sufficient to press its tooth Ibetween two ofthe teeth of therack', so as to move the carriage N, 'as hereinafter described.

Underneath the pawl, and working lon a fulcrum or pin, o3, is a lever,p3', whose upper end is bent, and v:extends as.V seen in Fig. 22. 'Ihelower arm `of said lever 'is moved in a directiontoward the middle ofthe machine, or inward, byl a cam, g3, fixed upon the surface or side ofthe bevel-gear G4. During the revolution of the said bevel-gear, andjust at the time the carriageNis being moved by its impelling-pawl, thelever p3 is moved by the cam'g, so as to lift the catch-pawl Z3 abovethe rack and allow it to drop down upon the rack instantly after theimpelling-pawl has effected -a movement of the carriage N. The downwardpressure of the catch-pawl upon the rack will -bringv the carriage Ninto vits correct position, should it have lbeen moved either` not quitefar enough or too far bythe impelling-pawl. The j aw-frame'r, or theframe that carries the j aws M M, rests on the frame N, and has fourpins,

some distance through the frame N. Two of .these pins sion each sideofthe frame r3 are made to rest on one of two guifdeways or rails,

which are applied to theinn'er sides of the rails -B, and are suitablycurved on their upper sur- *faces or ledges, so as to elevate thejawswith respect to 'the needles, so that suchneedles shall pass intothe work whatever may be the line of sewing, lwhether `such be astraight or curved line. A

In the drawings it will be seen that I have represented the jaws vMllIas formed on their edges 1n a suitable. shape for sewing the side seamof a-boot-leg. Now, if the pins s s of the jaw-frame are made to slideon curved railsv or ways, as described, the sewing may be'done on a linewhich is'partly straight and partly curved, or entirely curved, ascircumstances may require. `In general 'the' curves of the uppersurface' of these rails will be the reverse of that of the line ofsewing or top edges of the jaws'M M. On the ends of these jaws I haverepresented a clamp-hook, '753, operating in connection with a cam, ui,which turns on a pin, v, and is turned by alever, w3, the same' being.for the purpose of drawing or forcing one of the jaws toward the other.j I'do not, however,4 confine my invention'to any such contrivance forsuch purpose, as there are many othersv which may be used for the sameobject with as good or better advantage; nor do I confine my inventionto the precise form or forms of its parts as represented in thevdrawings, as I intend to vary the same in any manner and to any extentas circumstances may require, so long as I do not change the principleof those parts thereof which I claini as new.

Although I have above represented in vmy machine that the sewing is tobe done with si s3 s3 s, extending down from it and passing of drawingthe thread into the work by means of a tri pping-roller moved by anendless chain;4 but i Vhat I do-clailn as my invention isl. Thecombining with the carriage T the y clamps ab and bearer Y, or mechanismwhich draws the needles through the work, a set of pinchers, S S, madeto firmly grasp the thread between the needle and the work, and t-o be'so moved away lfrom the work as to draw the thread firmly into it, asabove specilied.

2. In combination with the said machinery for holding the needle anddrawing it through the cloth or work, machiner5r or mechanismvizi, therotary shaft c, the clamps ay "b, and the bearer V, operated asdescribed, or their equivalents-for rotating the needle or turning orrotating it 'around one hundred and eighty degrees, or end for end, asabove specified, such mechanism vallowing me to make use of a common orordinary needle made with one eye and but one point, as described.

'lhe combining with the nippers S S and the vibratingarm K the carriagesIi and T, thcspring-bolt, and contrivances for operat-v ing it, as setforth, the same being not only to draw the thread into the work withsufiicient tension, but to do so under any change in the length of it,essentially as specified.

it. The combination of the rotating bearer IQ the two needle-cla1nps ab, and the vertical rotary shaft c, as operating together, or opei-,ated substantiallyas above described, and for the purpose of holding,releasing, and reversing the needle or turning it around, substan-vtially as above set forth.

5. Combining with the rotary bearer V and its clamps and shaft c, ormachinery for hold-l ing, releasing, and directing a vneedle into thework, apropeller, a", operated or made to operate substantially inmanner, and so as to force the needle into the work, as specified.

G. Combining with the spring-nippers 71" ci, or machinery for taking upthe slack of the thread and preventing entanglement of the thread whilethe carriages are being movedy toward the' work, the sliding carriage s,or mechanism operating, as described, for prerenting the weight of thesaid springnippers bf cJ and their slide di from being thrown upon thethread, so-as to break the needle or displace it while it is beingturned around, as hcreinhefore set forth.

EDWIN A. FOR'BU'SH. .Witnessesz R. H. EDDY, Joinv Nonna.

